No one likes flight delays, but they’re inevitable. The best way to deal with the situation is to have a plan. You could be entitled to certain benefits, and the airline may give you some compensation depending on the circumstances.

Understanding flight delay compensation

Am I entitled to compensation?

What you’re entitled to depends on each airline. When your flight is delayed for a minimum of 3 hours, you’re usually entitled to compensation. Airlines aren’t legally required to provide you with anything for a delay of less than 3 hours. However, some will offer food vouchers or a hotel room. Flight delay compensation depends on numerous factors, including the reason for the delay, the length of the delay, and your airline's policies.

There is one key exception to the airline-specific rule on compensation. EU regulations (EC 261) offer specific protection and compensation for flights within, to, or from Europe. It's important to check the rules applicable to your flight.

What causes flight delays?

Common reasons for disruptions

Flight delays can occur for several reasons. Some are within the airline’s control whereas others, referred to as “extraordinary circumstances” are not. Common flight delay causes include air traffic control issues, extreme weather, mechanical problems, and staffing shortages. For example, if a crew member calls in sick, the flight may be delayed while the airline finds a replacement.

If you’re notified of a delay while at the airport, the gate agents should be transparent about the cause of the flight delay. If not, make sure you ask as this could be important when claiming compensation. Before you leave for the airport, you can usually check on the airline’s website to see if the incoming flight is delayed. A common cause of delay begins with planes leaving behind schedule earlier in the day. It's important to note that most airlines still require passengers to arrive at the airport in accordance with their original departure time.

If there’s severe weather at your departure or arrival airport, you’ll be able to find this information by checking the airport’s website. Most airports post notifications of severe weather when it’s causing delays to arrivals or departures.

Delays caused by factors outside the airline's control, like extreme weather, typically don't qualify for compensation. However, airlines are still obligated to provide assistance – such as meals and accommodation – if the delay is significant.

How to deal with a flight delay

Steps to take

Flight delays are frustrating but understanding what to do should you find yourself in this situation can help you continue with your trip and claim what you’re entitled to. From navigating missed connections to requesting compensation, familiarizing yourself with how to deal with a flight delay is always helpful.

Missed connections

What happens if my flight delay causes a missed connection?

You’ll be put on the next available flight to your destination if you purchased a single ticket. However, if you made two separate bookings, you won’t be compensated for missing your second flight.

Claiming compensation

How to get what you're owed

To claim flight delay compensation, contact the airline directly and explain the situation. Keep all your travel documents, including boarding passes and receipts, which will help to support your claim, and use online resources and templates for a smooth process. It’s almost always better to book your connecting flights as a single ticket since the airline will be able to adjust if there’s a delay.

Finding information

Where to look for help

Check your airline's website for their delay and cancellation policies. You can also consult your local aviation authority for passenger rights information if you’re unsure of what you’re entitled to or if you don’t think the airline is offering what it should.

To prepare yourself for flight delays, check your flight status at least 24 hours before your scheduled departure. The best place to get up-to-date information is directly through the airline. If your flight ends up getting delayed, keep your cool, and know what you’re entitled to.